Orthopedic Management of Spina Bifida

When dealing with orthopedic management of spina bifida, the coordinated use of surgical, bracing, and therapeutic strategies to improve mobility and prevent complications in individuals born with spina bifida. Also known as spina bifida orthopaedic care, it directly impacts quality of life. Many families first encounter the condition when their child is diagnosed with spina bifida, a neural‑tube defect that often leads to muscle weakness, joint contractures, and spinal curvature. One of the most common secondary issues is scoliosis, which can worsen functional ability if not addressed early. Effective care therefore requires a mix of orthopedic surgery to correct deformities, physical therapy to strengthen muscles, and custom orthoses to support the spine. This blend of interventions creates a safety net that reduces pain, improves gait, and keeps the growing skeleton aligned.

Key Components of Care

First, surgical options range from early soft‑tissue releases that free tight muscles to more extensive spinal fusion procedures that halt curve progression. Surgeons weigh the child’s age, curve severity, and overall health before choosing a technique. Next, bracing plays a crucial role for patients who are not yet surgical candidates or who need supplemental support after an operation. Modern TLSO (thoraco‑lumbo‑sacral orthosis) designs are lightweight, customizable, and can be worn day‑and‑night with minimal discomfort. Physical therapy sits in the middle of the plan, delivering targeted exercises that maintain range of motion, build core stability, and teach adaptive movement strategies. Therapists also guide families on home exercise programs, which research shows can cut the need for future surgeries by up to 30 %.

Beyond the core trio, auxiliary tools like mobility aids, wheelchair fittings, and assistive technology fill gaps where anatomy limits function. Pediatric orthopedists collaborate with neurologists, urologists, and rehabilitation specialists to create a holistic roadmap. For instance, a child with high‑lumbar lesions may need a customized wheelchair that accommodates hip contractures, while also receiving bladder management to avoid infections that could delay surgery. The ultimate goal is to keep the child active in school, sports, and daily life, turning a complex medical picture into a manageable routine. Below you’ll find articles that break down each element, share real‑world tips, and answer common questions about living with spina bifida while staying as mobile as possible.